Understanding Surrogacy Legal Support in California
California is one of the most surrogacy-friendly states in the country. Surrogacy in California is legally recognized and carefully regulated through clear surrogacy statutes. Gestational Surrogacy is allowed in California through the California Family Code Sections 7960 – 7962 (2013), with additional case precedent through Johnson v. Calvert (1993), and Buzzanca v. Buzzanca (1998). This provides the highest level of protection. The law permits both compensated and uncompensated gestational surrogacy, with no marital or sexual orientation restrictions for intended parents. Pre-birth parentage orders are routinely granted, offering legal clarity and protection for all parties. Intended parents and surrogates must be represented by separate legal counsel and enter into a written agreement before the start of any medical procedures.
There are two types of surrogacy—gestational and traditional. The most common type, gestational surrogacy, involves a surrogate carrying an embryo that is not genetically related to her, as the embryo was created via in vitro fertilization (IVF) using either the intended parents’ genetics, or sperm or egg from a donor.
It is fundamental for intended parents and surrogates to have a clear and comprehensive legal agreement before the embryo transfer occurs. This agreement outlines the rights and responsibilities of each party, clarifies parental rights, and protects the intended parents and the surrogate.